Ekologi Politik Pariwisata Perburuan Hewan di Afrika Selatan

Fameilia Handayani, Ica Wulansari

Abstract


Pariwisata perburuan hewan di Afrika Selatan menyumbang sektor ekonomi pada pertanian 34,3% namun membawa dampak krisis ekologi. Menggunakan studi literatur serta teori ekologi politik dan ekonomi lingkungan dengan tujuan bukan hanya menjelaskan fenomena perubahan lingkungan namun mereformulasikan kebijakan atas pengelolaan lingkungan yang terjadi dalam perburuan hewan. Melalui kegiatan pariwisata perburuan meningkatkan permintaan barang dan jasa yang menjadikan kegiatan ini membawa efek langsung dan tidak langsung dalam pemasukan Negara. Meningkatnya aktifitas pariwisata perburuan hewan berdampak terhadap lingkungan yang menyertai kenaikan aktifitas dan ancaman bagi keanekaragaman satwa hingga eksploitasi lingkungan. Pariwisata perburuan hewan memperlihatkan hubungan antara lingkungan dan kekuasaan. Satwa liar, keanekaragaman hayati dan lingkungan bukanlah sumber daya yang stagnan, keberlangsungannya berubah-ubah berdasarkan hubungan antar manusia serta kebijakan Negara. Perburuan hewan yang berlebihan akan menyebabkan menurunnya spesies hewan dimana hal ini akan memengaruhi sekitarnya dan mengakibatkan efek berkepanjangan terhadap biota hutan.


References


Abdoellah, P. O. (2020). Dari Ekologi Manusia Ke Ekologi Politik. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Amirullah. (2015). Krisis Ekologi: Problematika Sains Modern. Lentera.

Andersson, L. (2020). Mutations in Domestic Animals Disrupting or Creating Pigmentation Patterns . Evolutionary Developmental Biology .

Aschmann, A. (2022). When And Where To See The Big 5 In Africa. Retrieved from go2africa: https://www.go2africa.com/african-travel-blog/best-time-of-year-to-see-the-big-5-in-africa

Bank, T. W. (2020). South Africa: Economy. Retrieved from Global Business Knowledge: https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/south-africa/economy

Bauer, J., & Alexander, H. (2004). Wildlife tourism: Impacts, management and planning. Altona.

Bungin, B. (2007). Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: Kencana.

Child, B. A., Musengezi, J., Parent, G. D., & Child, G. F. (2012). The economics and institutional economics of wildlife on private land in Africa. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice.

Committee, T. B. (1996, December 13). Conservation and sustainable use of South Africa's biological diversity Green Paper. Retrieved from South African Government: https://www.gov.za/documents/conservation-and-sustainable-use-south-africas-biological-diversity-green-paper

Complexity, T. O. (2020). South Africa. Retrieved from OEC World: https://oec.world/en/profile/country/zaf?compareSelector=compare6&subnationalTimeSelector=timeYear

Davis, B. (2009, November 10). Does Hunting Help or Hurt the Environment? Retrieved from Scientific American: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-talks-hunting/

Gibson, C. C. (1999). Politicians and Poachers: The Political Economy of Wildlife Policy in Africa. American Political Science Association .

Hughes, D. G., & Bennett, P. M. (1991). Captive breeding and the conservation of invertebrates. The Zoological Society of London.

HSI. (2021, May). Trophy Huntering by tha Numbers. Retrieved from Human Society International: https://www.hsi.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/HSI-Africa-Trophy-Hunting-Report-05-2021.pdf

Jr, L. W. (1967). The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis. Science.

Murombedzi, J. C. (2003). Pre-colonial and colonial conservation practices in southern Africa and their legacy today. UN Economic Commission for Africa .

Nordling, L. (2020, Jan 29). South Africa's move to allow farming of lions and other wildlife is a bad idea, scientists say. Retrieved from Science: https://www.science.org/content/article/south-africa-s-move-allow-farming-lions-and-other-wildlife-bad-idea-scientists-say

Semcer, C. E. (2019, July 18). The Role of Hunting in Conserving African Wildlife. Retrieved from PERC: https://www.perc.org/2019/07/18/the-role-of-hunting-in-conserving-african-wildlife/

Sheikh, P. A. (2019). International Trophy Hunting. Congressional Research Service.

Sikuka, W. (2019). Fact Sheet of South African Agricultural Production. Pretoria: Global Agricultural Information Network.

Soemarwoto, O. (1999). Ekologi, Lingkungan Hidup dan Pembangunan. Jakarta: Penerbit Djambatan.

Stynes, D. J., & White, E. M. (2006). Reflections on Measuring Recreation and Travel Spending. Indexing & Metrics.

Sugiyono. (2015). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Woodburn, J. (1997). Indigenous discrimination: The ideological basis for local discrimination against hunter‐gatherer minorities in sub‐Saharan Africa. Ethnic and Racial Studies.


Full Text: PDF Abstract views : 196 views : 116

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Lestari Sosial Budaya

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.