MUZAKIR MANAF’S POLITICAL STRATEGY IN THE 2024 ACEH GUBERNATORIAL ELECTION: A SYMBIOTIC NARRATIVE OF ISLAM AND ACEHNESE IDENTITY

Ahmad Winaldi, Hasyimsyah Nasution, Syukri Syukri

Abstract


This study analyzes the political strategy of Muzakir Manaf in the 2024 Aceh Gubernatorial Election, focusing on his use of identity politics, digital adaptation, and principles of Islamic political thought. Employing a qualitative method with a case study approach, data were gathered through in-depth interviews, documentary analysis, and limited observation. The findings reveal that Muzakir Manaf’s political maneuvering was predicated on a blend of his party’s structural power, a historical narrative rooted in Acehnese symbolism and struggle, and a symbiotic strategy linking political action to Islamic values. This approach successfully forged an emotional connection with his traditional voter base and the ulama (Islamic scholars), thereby strengthening an image of leadership grounded in morality. However, his campaign team demonstrated a significant weakness in its digital communication strategy, characterized by a non-confrontational response to emergent issues and disinformation, which risked damaging his credibility. The study also uncovers a shifting orientation among young voters, who are increasingly rational and demand moral consistency and tangible performance over mere symbolism. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of political leadership adaptation in post-conflict Aceh. It underscores the importance of balancing historical legacies with inclusive contemporary political demands and the necessity for leaders to adapt to an increasingly critical and digitally savvy electorate.

Keywords


Political Strategy; Muzakir Manaf; 2024 Aceh Gubernatorial Election; Identity Politics; Islamic Politics.

References


E. Aspinall, The Helsinki Agreement: A More Promising Basis for Peace in Aceh?, vol. 1. Washington: East-West Center, 2005.

K. Janah, S. Fatimah, dan H. S. S. Hariz, “The Role of Aceh Local Parties in The 2024 General Election in Realizing Democratization,” Volksgeist J. Ilmu Huk. Dan Konstitusi, hlm. 33–47, Jun 2023, doi: 10.24090/volksgeist.v6i1.7532.

Z. Zulfan, S. Ikramatoun, dan A. Aminah, “Aceh Local Political Party: The rise, victory, and decline,” Multidiscip. Sci. J., vol. 5, hlm. 2023018–2023018, Apr 2023, doi: 10.31893/multiscience.2023018.

A. Husna, “Analisis Political Branding Calon Kepala Daerah dalam Pilkada Aceh 2017,” J. Komun. Glob., vol. 6, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Des 2017.

K. Imam dan R. Darmansyah, “Kekalahan Muzakir Manaf-TA Khalid dalam Pilkada Serentak 2017: Analisis Efektivitas Partai Aceh dalam Mendulang Suara di Pilkada,” J. Ilm. Mhs. Fak. Ilmu Sos. Ilmu Polit., vol. 3, no. 3, Art. no. 3, Sep 2018, Diakses: 23 Juli 2025. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://jim.usk.ac.id/FISIP/article/view/8154

S. Mujani, R. W. Liddle, dan K. Ambardi, Kaum Demokrat Kritis : Analisis Perilaku Pemilih Indonesia Sejak Demokratisasi. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2019. Diakses: 23 Juli 2025. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/48890

I. Z. A. Fatih, “Peran Media Sosial dalam Kampanye Politik di Indonesia Lima Tahun Terakhir: Antara Demokrasi dan Manipulasi Informasi,” COMSERVA J. Penelit. Dan Pengabdi. Masy., vol. 4, no. 7, Art. no. 7, Nov 2024, doi: 10.59141/comserva.v4i7.2611.

A. Kurniawan, H. N. Fadhilla, dan J. Arifin, “The Influence of Environmental Knowledge, Word of Mouth (WOM), Green Marketing, and Environmental Care Attitude on the Purchase Intention of Green Products (A Study on Generation Z in Yogyakarta),” Eduvest - J. Univers. Stud., vol. 4, no. 9, hlm. 7638–7654, Sep 2024, doi: 10.59188/eduvest.v4i9.1700.

J. S. Pulungan, “Relasi Islam dan Negara: Studi Pemikiran Politik Islam dalam Perspektif al-Qur’an,” Intizar, vol. 24, no. 1, Art. no. 1, 2018, doi: 10.19109/intizar.v24i1.2187.

A. Zawawi, “Politik dalam Pandangan Islam,” Ummul Qura, vol. 5, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Mar 2015.

N. Haditsah, “Analisis Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik Internal Partai Nanggroe Aceh,” J. Ilm. Mhs. Fak. Ilmu Sos. Ilmu Polit., vol. 8, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Mei 2023, Diakses: 23 Juli 2025. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://jim.usk.ac.id/FISIP/article/view/24550

M. R. Khatami, “Strategi Sayap Partai Muda Seudang Terhadap Citra Politik Partai Aceh,” J. Ilm. Mhs. Fak. Ilmu Sos. Ilmu Polit., vol. 8, no. 4, Art. no. 4, Nov 2023, Diakses: 23 Juli 2025. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://jim.usk.ac.id/FISIP/article/view/27958

M. Jafar, “Perkembangan dan Prospek Partai Lokal di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD),” J. Ilmu Polit. Dan Pemerintah., vol. 1, no. 2, Art. no. 2, 2009, doi: 10.37058/jipp.v1i2.2643.

F. Meier, A. Bazo, dan D. Elsweiler, “Using Social Media Data to Analyse Issue Engagement during the 2017 German Federal Election,” ACM Trans. Internet Technol., vol. 22, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.1145/3467020.

G. Brown dan B. K. Sovacool, “The presidential politics of climate discourse: Energy frames, policy, and political tactics from the 2016 Primaries in the United States,” Energy Policy, vol. 111, hlm. 127–136, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.09.019.

F. C. Arterton, Strategy in Politics: Plotting Victory in a Democracy. dalam Strategy in Politics: Plotting Victory in a Democracy. 2023, hlm. 248. doi: 10.1093/oso/9780197644836.001.0001.

E. M. S. Niou dan P. C. Ordeshook, Strategy and Politics: An Introduction to Game Theory. dalam Strategy and Politics: An Introduction to Game Theory. 2015, hlm. 423. doi: 10.4324/9781315735153.

P. Faanu dan E. Graham, “The Politics of Ethnocentrism: A Viability Test of Ghana’s Democracy?,” Insight Afr., vol. 9, no. 2, hlm. 141–158, 2017, doi: 10.1177/0975087817715534.

G. Bacik, The Birth and Evolution of Islamic Political Theory: Political Rationalism from Ibn Al-Muqaffa to Ibn Khaldun. dalam The Birth And Evolution Of Islamic Political Theory: Political Rationalism From Ibn Al-Muqaffa to Ibn Khaldun. 2024, hlm. 320. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85211888649&partnerID=40&md5=632c1112c25c21e37b34c0ed93098a94

M. A. Muqtedar Khan, “Three dimensions of the emerging political philosophy of Islam,” dalam Routledge Handbook of Political Islam, 2012, hlm. 27–34. doi: 10.4324/9780203154144-8.

Y. M. Choueiri, “Islamic Fundamentalism,” dalam International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition, 2015, hlm. 741–745. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.93063-0.

S. Akhavi, “The Muslim Tradition of Political Philosophy,” dalam The Oxford Handbook of the History of Political Philosophy, 2011. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238804.003.0049.

M. A. al-Jabri, Democracy, human rights and law in Islamic thought. dalam Democracy, Human Rights and Law in Islamic Thought. 2008, hlm. 258. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85185618695&partnerID=40&md5=4f09846cbfcd711c1c07be2109277e62

S. Akbarzadeh, “The paradox of political Islam,” dalam Routledge Handbook of Political Islam, 2012, hlm. 1–8. doi: 10.4324/9780203154144-6.

A. Akbar, “The Political Discourses of three Contemporary Muslim Scholars: Secular, Nonsecular, or Pseudosecular?,” Dig. Middle East Stud., vol. 25, no. 2, hlm. 393–408, 2016, doi: 10.1111/dome.12084.

M. Benhenda, “Liberal democracy and political Islam: The search for common ground,” Polit. Philos. Econ., vol. 10, no. 1, hlm. 88–115, 2011, doi: 10.1177/1470594X10368248.

K. Askandar, “The Aceh Conflict and The Roles of Civil Society,” dalam Islam and Violent Separatism: New Democracies in Southeast Asia, 2014, hlm. 65–88. doi: 10.4324/9780203705940-4.

S. Marhaban, “The reintegration of ex-combatants in post-war aceh: Remaining challenges to a gender-blind planning and implementation process,” dalam Post-War Security Transitions: Participatory Peacebuilding after Asymmetric Conflicts, 2012, hlm. 192–205. doi: 10.4324/9780203127469-29.

A. Wandi, “Guns, soldiers and votes: Lessons from the DDR process in aceh,” dalam Post-War Security Transitions: Participatory Peacebuilding after Asymmetric Conflicts, 2012, hlm. 181–191. doi: 10.4324/9780203127469-28.

T. Lee, “Political orders and peace-building: ending the Aceh conflict,” Confl. Secur. Dev., vol. 20, no. 1, hlm. 115–139, 2020, doi: 10.1080/14678802.2019.1705071.

N. G. Arteaga dan L. Clark, “An analysis of the perceptions of the role of social media marketing in shaping the preferences of the electorate: A case study of the 2018 Colombian presidential election,” dalam Strategy, Leadership, and AI in the Cyber Ecosystem: The Role of Digital Societies in Information Governance and Decision Making, 2020, hlm. 219–241. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821442-8.00004-5.

M. Mannonen dan M. Skippari, “The roles of the internet and social media in political marketing and voter behaviour: A study of Finnish parliamentary elections,” dalam Social Media for Progressive Public Relations, 2022, hlm. 193–207. doi: 10.4324/9781003177791-18.

A. T. Rosário, P. R. Lopes, dan F. S. Rosário, “Digital political marketing: Challenges and opportunities,” dalam Persuasive Marketing and Communication Strategies in Contemporary Politics, 2025, hlm. 1–36. doi: 10.4018/979-8-3693-6140-5.ch001.

D. Owen, “Characteristics of US Elections in the Digital Media Age,” dalam Political Campaigning and Communication, 2018, hlm. 27–53. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-63682-5_2.

I. Rahyadi dan M. Aras, “Donald digital marketing: An exploratory study of digital political marketing in trump presidential campaign,” Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. Humanit., vol. 28, hlm. 337–346, 2020.

M. K. Alomari, “Digital divide impact on e-voting adoption in middle eastern country,” dipresentasikan pada 2016 11th International Conference for Internet Technology and Secured Transactions, ICITST 2016, 2017, hlm. 409–412. doi: 10.1109/ICITST.2016.7856741.

F. Bélanger dan L. Carter, “The digital divide and internet voting acceptance,” dipresentasikan pada 4th International Conference on Digital Society, ICDS 2010, Includes CYBERLAWS 2010: The 1st International Conference on Technical and Legal Aspects of the e-Society, 2010, hlm. 307–310. doi: 10.1109/ICDS.2010.54.

P. Grover, A. K. Kar, Y. K. Dwivedi, dan M. Janssen, “Polarization and acculturation in US Election 2016 outcomes – Can twitter analytics predict changes in voting preferences,” Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change, vol. 145, hlm. 438–460, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2018.09.009.

L. Avritzer, M. von Bülow, dan E. Santana, “The Road Towards 2022: The Threat to Democracy and the Uses and Abuses of Digital Technologies,” dalam Latin American Societies, vol. Part F3517, 2024, hlm. 1–14. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-66978-1_1.

T. Yerlikaya dan S. T. Aslan, “Social media and fake news in the post-truth era: The manipulation of politics in the election process,” Insight Turk., vol. 22, no. 2, hlm. 177–196, 2020, doi: 10.25253/99.2020222.11.

M. Belloc, “Voting behavior and the terrestrial digital divide,” Econ. Lett., vol. 167, hlm. 14–17, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.econlet.2018.02.027.

N. Cheeseman, G. Lynch, dan J. Willis, “Digital dilemmas: the unintended consequences of election technology,” Democratization, vol. 25, no. 8, hlm. 1397–1418, 2018, doi: 10.1080/13510347.2018.1470165.

B. A. Ünal, “A comparative study of digital transformation in political parties across different political systems,” dalam Digital Transformation in Public Administration: Issues and Perspectives, 2025, hlm. 245–259. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85217707424&partnerID=40&md5=188a824905c34f65ef7988e435c024d3

M. Younus, D. Mutiarin, H. Abdul Manaf, A. Nurmandi, dan A. Luhur Prianto, “Conceptualizing smart citizen as smart voter and its relationships with smart election process,” Discov. Glob. Soc., vol. 3, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s44282-025-00148-x.

J. W. Creswell, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches, 4 ed. Michigan: Sage Publication, 2014.

L. J. Moleong, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, 40 ed. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya, 2021.

YH, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 2 Mei 2025.

WY, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 5 Mei 2025.

F. Meier, A. Bazo, dan D. Elsweiler, “Using Social Media Data to Analyse Issue Engagement during the 2017 German Federal Election,” ACM Trans. Internet Technol., vol. 22, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.1145/3467020.

AFA, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 7 Mei 2025.

MHY, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 6 Mei 2025.

E. M. S. Niou dan P. C. Ordeshook, Strategy and Politics: An Introduction to Game Theory. dalam Strategy and Politics: An Introduction to Game Theory. 2015, hlm. 423. doi: 10.4324/9781315735153.

BFP, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 3 Mei 2025.

DA, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 6 Mei 2025.

A. Anzulai, “Rekrutmen Politik Generasi Milenial Partai Aceh (Muda Seudang Sebagai Sarana Kaderisasi Politik Aceh Partai Aceh),” J. Ilm. Mhs. Fak. Ilmu Sos. Ilmu Polit., vol. 8, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Feb 2023, Diakses: 23 Juli 2025. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://jim.usk.ac.id/FISIP/article/view/23362

FI, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 7 Mei 2025.

A. P. Budiatri, “The Impact of Local Parties on Party System Institutionalisation in Post-Conflict Aceh,” J. Curr. Southeast Asian Aff., vol. 41, no. 1, hlm. 34–58, 2022, doi: 10.1177/18681034211029035.

RG, “Strategi Muzakkir Manaf Pada Pilgub Aceh 2024,” 8 Mei 2025.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.33751/jhss.v9i2.12619

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.