Influence of Seed Treatment and Wood Vinegar Application on Podocarpus blumei Seedling Development

Ayu Noviyanti, Diana Prameswari

Abstract


Podocarpus blumei is a large tree species widely utilized for daily needs but is characterized by a slow growth rate. To sustain its population, effective propagation methods are required, particularly through seed germination. This study aimed to evaluate germination and seedling development techniques by applying dormancy-breaking treatments, combining different growing media, and using wood vinegar to obtain optimal seedling quality. The results showed that P. blumei seeds contained 40.14% moisture, classifying them as recalcitrant. Scarification treatment yielded the highest germination performance, with a germination rate of 90%, maximum growth potential of 92%, and a germination period of 51 days. The most effective growing medium was a mixture of soil, cocopeat, and husk charcoal (M1). Furthermore, the application of 0.2% wood vinegar promoted optimal seedling growth and biomass, producing seedlings with an average height of 5.05 cm, stem diameter of 0.8 mm, and 19 leaves. Biomass values obtained included BBA 5.12 g, BBP 7.9 g, BKP 2.16 g, BBT 10.02 g, and BKT 2.77 g. The highest BKA value (0.63 g) was observed at 0.3% concentration, while the best NPA (3.93) and IMB (3.36) values were achieved at 0.1% concentration. These findings highlight the effectiveness of integrating scarification, appropriate growing media, and optimized wood vinegar concentrations to enhance the germination and growth of P. blumei seedlings.

Keywords


podocarpus blumei; germination; seedling; wood vinegar; breaking dormancy

References


Arobaya, Y.S, Sadsoeitoeboen, M. J., & Pattiselanno, F. (2014). Penggunaan kayu bakar sebagai sumber energi alternatif di mamberamo hulu, papua. Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 2(2), 91.

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jht.v2i2.1570

Biffin, E., Conran, J. G., & Lowe, A. J. (2011). Podocarp Evolution: A molecular phylogenetic perspective. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, (95), 17. DOI:10.5479/si.0081024X.95.1

Darma, I.D.P., Arief, P., Rajif, P. 2019. Perbanyakan Dacrycarpus imbricatus

(Blume) de Laub, dengan Benih di Kebun Raya Eka Karya Bali. Jurnal Hutan Tropis 7(3): 311.

Dickson, A., Leaf, A. L., & Hosner, J. F. (1960). Quality appraisal of white spruce and white pine seedling stock in nurseries. Forestry Chronicle, 36(1), 11.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5558/tfc36010

Dodd, M. C., Van Staden, J., & Smith, M. T. (1989). Seed germination in Podocarpus henkelii: an ultrastructural and biochemical study. Annals of Botany, 64(5), 569.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087878

Djoen Seng. O. 1990. Berat Jenis dari Jenis-Jenis Kayu Indonesia dan Pengertian

Beratnya Kayu untuk Keperluan Praktek. Bogor(ID): Lembaga Penelitian Hasil Hutan.

Harbagung & Krisnawati H. (2009). Model taper batang tanaman Khaya Anthoteca C.D.C di hutan penelitian pasirhantap, sukabumi, jawa barat. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 6(1), 14. Diakses dari https://www.researchgate.net

Hendromono & Durahim. (2006). Pengaruh media dan pupuk npk terhadap pertumbuhan mutu bibit eboni (Diosoyros celebica Bakh.). Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Konservasi Alam, 3(1), 14.

DOI: 10.20886/jphka.2006.3.1.9-17

Kartasapoetra, A. G. 1986. Teknologi Benih. Pengolahan Benih dan Tuntunan Praktikum. PT Bina Aksara.

Khasanah, A., Hajoeningtijas, O.D., Budi G.P., & Pamungkas R.B. (2020). Uji pupuk urea slow release matriks komposit pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman caisin (Brassica Chinensis L.). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pertanian. 177.

https://digitallibrary.ump.ac.id/id/eprint/988/2/21-Alfin Khasanah.pdf

Klapwijk, N. (2002). Podocarpus falcatus (thunb.) R.Br ex. Mirb. Pretoria National Botanical Garden, South Africa National Biodiversity Institute, South Africa.

Komarayati S, Pari G dan Gusmailina. 2003. Pengembangan Penngunaan Arang untuk Rehabilitasi Lahan dalam Buletin Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan 4:1. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan.

Komarayati, S., Gusmailina., & Pari, G. (2011). Produksi cuka kayu hasil modifikasi tungku arang terpadu. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 29(3), 241-243.

DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2011.29.3.234-247

Komarayati, S., Gusmailina., & Pari, G. (2013). Arang dan cuka kayu : produk hasil hutan bukan kayu untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan serapan hara karbon. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 31(1), 54.

DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.1.49-62

Lemmens, R., Soerianegara, I., & Wong, W. (1996). Plant Resources of South-East Asia. No. 5(2). Timber Trees: minor commercial timbers. TAXON, 45(3), 581.

Levy, P.E., Hale S.E., & Nicoll B.C. (2004). Biomass expansion factors and root: shoot ratios for coniferous tree species in great britain. Jurnal Forestry,77(5), 424.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/77.5.421

Nuke, Y., Ledheng, L., & Yustiningsing, M. (2021). Pengaruh Komposisi Media Tanam Organik Arang Sekam Dan Pupuk Kotoran Sapi Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) dan Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi/Bioma, 23(2), 126.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.14710/bioma.23.2.125-132

Perdana, M.A., Moeljani, I.R., & Soedjarwo, D.P. (2023). Pengaruh masa simpan dan suhu simpan terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih coating kedelai. Jurnal Agrium, 20(1), 2.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.29103/agrium.v20i1.10620

Prameswari, D. (2004). Pengaruh inokulasi cendawan ektomikorhiza dan media tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan Shorea javanica K & V. (Tesis, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia) . Diperoleh dari http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/7290

Prameswari, D., Widyati, E., & Andadari, L. (2021). Improving the growth of cempaka (Elmerillia Ovalis) Seedlings to accelerate ex situ plantation. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 886(1), 4.

DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012113

Quattrocchi, U. (2012). CRC World Dictionary Of Medicinal And Poisonous Plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms and etymology. London, US: CRC Press.

Robertson, G. P., & Vitousek, P. M. (2009). Nitrogen in agriculture: balancing the cost of an essential resource. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 34, 97–125.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.environ.032108.105046

Ronaldo, A., Prayogo, H., & Muflihati. (2019). Identifikasi jenis pohon famili podocarpacae pada hutan pegunungan atas di gunung bawang kabupaten bengkayang kalimantan barat. Jurnal Hutan Lestari, 7(1), 69-70.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.26418/jhl.v7i1.31000

Sadjad, S. 1993. Dari Benih Kepada Benih. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia.

Sadjad, S., E. Muniarti, S. & Ilyas. (1999). Parameter Pengujian Vigor Benih Dari Komparatif Ke Simulatif. Jakarta: PT. Grasindo.

Sarjan, Herawatiningsih, R., & Wulandari, R.S. (2021). Respon pertumbuhan bibit sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) pada media campuran pmk, cocopeat dan pupuk kotoran ayam di persemaian BPDAS kota pontianak. Jurnal Hutan Lestari, 9(4), 659.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.26418/jhl.v9i4.52143

Sitorus, U.K.P., Siagian, B., & Rahmawati, N. (2014). Respons pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap pemberian abu boiler dan pupuk urea pada media pembibitan. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 2(3), 1025.

DOI: 10.32734/jaet.v2i3.7455

Sudrajat, D.J., Yuniarti, N, Nurhasybi., Syamsuwida, D., Danu., Pramono, A.A,. & Putri, K.P. (2017). Karakteristik dan prinsip penanganan benih tanaman hutan berwatak intermediet dan rekalsitran. Bogor: IPB Press.

Supriyanto, Q.D., Erwanto, Setiono. 1986. Pengaruh macam bahan organik media tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan semai batang bawah jeruk citroen (JC.) Buletin Penelitian Hortikultura (1):45–48.

Sutopo, L. 2004 Teknologi Benih Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.

Taryana, Y., & Sugiarti, L. (2020). Pengaruh media tanam terhadap perkecambahan benih kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L). Jurnal Agrosains Dan Teknologi, 4(2), 65.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/jat.4.2.64-69

Torey, P.C., Nio, S.A., Siahaan, P., & Mambu, S.M. (2013). Karakter morfologi akar sebagai indikator kekurangan air pada padi lokal superwin. Jurnal Bios Logos. 3(2), 60.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.3.2.2013.4431

Yuliana, E., Nugraheni, W., Alfred, J.S. (2020). Pengaruh komposisi media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bunga gladiol (Gladiolus hybridus L.). Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, 9(4), 354.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-Lv9i4.353-360


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.33751/jsi.v8i1.12815

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.