1. Home
  2. Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
  3. Tanoto

MEMBANGKITKAN KOMITMEN AFEKTIF: PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, OTONOMI PEKERJAAN, DAN KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS

Sherly Rosalina Tanoto, Valenciennes Stephina Charista

Abstract


ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap komitmen afektif dengan menambahkan dua variabel mediasi yaitu otonomi kerja dan kesejahteraan psikologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Adapun sampel penelitian adalah 203 responden dari berbagai bank swasta di Jawa. Analisis data menggunakan Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional memengaruhi komitmen afektif, kepemimpinan transformasional memengaruhi otonomi kerja dan komitmen afektif melalui kesejahteraan psikologis baik secara langsung maupun sebagai variabel mediasi. Sebaliknya, otonomi pekerjaan tidak memengaruhi komitmen afektif secara langsung atau sebagai mediasi. Secara teoritis, hasil penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya peran kesejahteraan psikologis dalam membentuk keterikatan karyawan dalam bank swasta. Manfaat praktis dari penelitian ini bagi organisasi, khususnya di sektor perbankan, adalah pentingnya mengadopsi gaya kepemimpinan transformasional yang tidak hanya fokus pada pemberian otonomi kerja, tetapi lebih pada pengembangan kesejahteraan psikologis karyawan.

ABSTRACT
This research aims to examine the influence of transformational leadership on affective commitment by introducing two mediating variables: job autonomy and psychological well-being. This study employs a quantitative method using a survey approach. The research sample consists of 203 respondents from various private banks in Java. Data analysis is conducted using Partial Least Squares. The findings indicate that transformational leadership affects affective commitment, with transformational leadership influencing job autonomy and affective commitment through psychological well-being, both directly and as a mediating variable. Conversely, job autonomy does not directly affect affective commitment or act as a mediator. Theoretically, the results of this study underscore the importance of psychological well-being in shaping employee attachment in private banks. The practical implications of this research for organizations, particularly in the banking sector, highlight the significance of adopting transformational leadership styles that focus not only on providing job autonomy but also on fostering the psychological well-being of employees.


Keywords


bank swasta; kesejahteraan psikologis; kepemimpinan transformasional; komitmen afektif; otonomi pekerjaan; affective commitment; job autonomy; private bank; psychological well being; transformational leadership

References


Abasilim, U.D., Gberevbie, D.E. & Osibanjo, O.A. (2019). Leadership Styles and Employees’ Commitment: Empirical Evidence From Nigeria. SAGE Open, 9(3), 1-15.

Abouraia, M. K., & Othman, S. M. (2017). Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intentions: The Direct Effects Among Bank Representatives. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 7(4), 404-423.

Afshari, L., Young, S., Gibson, P., & Karimi, L. (2020). Organizational Commitment: Exploring The Role of Identity. Personnel Review, 49(3), 774–790.

Arnold, K. A. (2017). Transformational Leadership and Employee Psychological Well-Being: A review and Directions for Future Research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 381–393.

Avolio, B.J., Bass, B.M. and Jung, D.I. (1999). Re-examining the Components of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Using Multifactor Leadership. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 72(4), 441-462.

Maiti, R. B., Sanyal, S. N., & Mazumder, R. (2020). Antecedents and Consequences of Organizational Commitment in The School Education Sector. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(3), 716-735.

Bank Central Asia. (2020). Report File Sustainability Index 2020 (Accessed 29 December 2021).

Bank Tabungan Negara. (2020). Laporan Keberlanjutan 2020 (Accessed 29 December 2021).

Chan, S. H. J. & Ao, C. T. D. (2019). The Mediating Effects of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Turnover Intention in The Relationships Between Pay Satisfaction and Work-Family Conflict of Casino Employees. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality and Tourism, 20(2), 206–229.

Chinyamurindi, W., Kyogabiirwe, J. B., Kabagabe, J. B., Mafabi, S., & Dywili, Mt. (2021). Antecedents of Small Business Financial Performance: The Role of Human Resource Management Practices and Strategy. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 43 (5), 1214-1231.

Deloitte Global Millennial Survey. (2021). A Call for Accountability and Action the Deloitte Global 2021 Millennial and Gen Z Survey Report. (Accessed 29 December 2021).

Fazio, J., Gong, B., Sims, R., & Yurova, Y. (2017). The Role of Affective Commitment in The Relationship Between Social Support and Turnover Intention. Management Decision, 55(3), 512–525.

Ghozali, I. (2014). Structural Equation Modeling, Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS). Universitas Diponegoro.

Gyu Park, J., Sik Kim, J., Yoon, S. W., & Joo, B.-K. (2017). The Effects of Empowering Leadership On Psychological Well-Being and Job Engagement. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(3), 350–367.

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R.E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed). Pearson Education Limited.

Jain, P., & Duggal, T. (2018). Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment, Emotional Intelligence, and Job Autonomy: Empirical Analysis On The Moderating and Mediating Variables. Management Research Review, 41(9), 1033-1046.

Jain, P., Duggal, T., & Ansari, A. H. (2019). Examining The Mediating Effect Of Trust and Psychological Well-Being On Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment. Benchmarking, 26(5), 1517–1532.

Jalilvand, M. R., & Vosta, L. N. (2015). Examining The Relationship Between Managerial Power and Affective Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Study in The Sports Sector of Iran. Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 5(4), 344–364.

Jamal, F. Q., & Khan, A. M. (2013). Association of Downsizing with Survivor's Organizational Commitment, Work Motivation, and Psychological Well-Being in Secondary and Tertiary Sectors of Economy of Pakistan. Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 23(1).

Jayasingam, S., Govindasamy, M., & Garib Singh, S. K. (2016). Instilling Affective Commitment: Insights on What Makes Knowledge Workers Want to Stay. Management Research Review, 39(3), 266–288.

Joo, B.-K. (Brian), Park, J. G., & Lim, T. (2016). Structural Determinants of Psychological Well-Being for Knowledge Workers in South Korea. Personnel Review, 45(5), 1069–1086.

Gyu Park, J., Sik Kim, J., Yoon, S. W., & Joo, B. K. (2017). The Effects of Empowering Leadership on Psychological Well-Being and Job Engagement: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(3), 350-367.

Kaur, P., Malhotra, K., & Sharma, S. K. (2020). Moderation-Mediation Framework Connecting Internal Branding, Affective Commitment, Employee Engagement, and Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Study of BPO Employees in The Indian Context. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 12(3/4), 327-348.

Kooij, D. T., & Boon, C. (2018). Perceptions of HR Practices, Person–Organization Fit, and Affective Commitment: The Moderating Role of Career Stage. Human Resource Management Journal, 28(1), 61-75.

Kristianti R. & Rostiana. (2020, Desember 16). Mengenal Proses di Balik Keputusan Pekerja Mengundurkan Diri. Kompas.com. https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/12/16/191400826/mengenal-proses-di-balik-keputusan-pekerja-mengundurkan-diri?page=all [Diakses 6 Maret 2023]

Kundi, Y. M., Aboramadan, M., Elhamalawi, E. M. I., & Shahid, S. (2020). Employee Psychological Well-Being and Job Performance: Exploring Mediating and Moderating Mechanism. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(3), 736-754.

Mahipalan, M., & S., S. (2019). Workplace Spirituality, Psychological Well-Being and The Mediating Role of Subjective Stress. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 35(4), 725–739.

Mishra, H., & Venkatesan, M. (2023). Psychological Well-Being Of Employees, Its Precedents and Outcomes: A Literature Review and Proposed Framework. Management and Labour Studies, 48(1), 7-41.

Mwesigwa, R., Tusiime, I., & Ssekiziyivu, B. (2020). Leadership Styles, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Among Academic Staff In Public Universities. Journal of Management Development, 39(2), 253–268.

Mahipalan, M. (2019). Workplace Spirituality, Psychological Well-Being and The Mediating Role of Subjective Stress: A Case of Secondary School Teachers in India. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 35(4), 725-739.

Mehmood, N., Ungku, N., Irum, S. & Ashfaq, M. (2016). Job Satisfaction, Affective Commitment, and Turnover Intentions Among Front Desk Staff: Evidence From Pakistan. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(4), 305-309.

Mittal, S., & Dhar, R. L. (2015). Transformational Leadership and Employee Creativity. Management Decision, 53(5), 894-910.

Adkins, A. (2019). Millennials: The Job-Hopping Generations. Gallup.

Mostafa, A.M.S., Bottomley, P., Gould‐Williams, J., Abouarghoub, W. & Lythreatis, S. (2019). High-Commitment Human Resource Practices and Employee Outcomes: The Contingent Role of Organizational Identification. Human Resource Management Journal, 29(4), 620-636.

Mustafa, M., Ramos, H. M., & Zainal Badri, S. K. (2020). Determining Nonfamily Employees’ Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intentions: The Roles of Job Autonomy and Work Passion. Journal of Family Business Management.

Naegele, G., Walker, A., Malloch, M., Cairns, L., Evans, K., & O’Connor, B. N. (2011). Age Management In Organizations in The European Union. SAGE Publishing.

Pattnaik, S. C., & Sahoo, R. (2021). Transformational Leadership And Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Role of Job Autonomy and Supportive Management. Management Research Review, 44(10), 1409-1426.

Peng, Y.P., Hwang, S.N. & Wong, J.Y. (2010). How to Inspire University Librarians to Become ‘Good Soldiers’? The Role of Job Autonomy. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 36 (4), 287-295.

Saleem, M. A., Bhutta, Z. M., Nauman, M., & Zahra, S. (2019). Enhancing Performance and Commitment Through Leadership and Empowerment: An Emerging Economy Perspective. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(1), 303–322.

Shao, H., Fu, H., Ge, Y., Jia, W., Li, Z., & Wang, J. (2022). Moderating Effects of Transformational Leadership, Affective Commitment, Job Performance, and Job Insecurity. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 847147.

Sharma, J., & Dhar, R. L. (2016). Factors Influencing Job Performance of Nursing Staff. Personnel Review, 45(1), 161–182.

Shim, H. S., Jo, Y., & Hoover, L. T. (2015). Police Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Organizational Culture. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 38(4), 672–691.

Sungu, L. J., Weng, Q. (Derek), & Xu, X. (2019). Organizational Commitment and Job Performance: Examining The Moderating Roles of Occupational Commitment and Transformational Leadership. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 27(3), 280–290.

Sy, T., Côté, S., & Saavedra, R. (2005). The Contagious Leader: Impact of The Leader's Mood on The Mood Of Group Members, Group Affective Tone, and Group Processes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(2), 295-305.

Tummers, L., Steijn, B., Nevicka, B., & Heerema, M. (2016). The Effects of Leadership and Job Autonomy on Vitality: Survey and Experimental Evidence. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 38(3), 355–377.

Uraon, R. S., & Gupta, M. (2020). Does Psychological Climate Affect Task and Contextual Performance Through Affective Commitment? Evidence From Public Sector Companies. Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 9(3), 258-275.

Wang, X., Guchait, P., & Paşamehmetoğlu, A. (2020). Why Should Errors Be Tolerated? Perceived Organizational Support, Organization-Based Self-Esteem, and Psychological Well-Being. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(5), 1987–2006.

Yoon, S. W. (2016). Transformational Leadership And Knowledge Sharing: Mediating Roles of Employee’s Empowerment, Commitment, and Citizenship Behaviors. Journal of Workplace Learning, 28(3), 130–149.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.34203/jimfe.v10i1.9043

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.