ESSENSI PLURALISME HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF SISTEM HUKUM DUNIA

Abstract

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menjelaskan bahwa Pluralisme hukum dahulu merupakan kebijakan dari banyak kekuatan kolonial dan warisan yang masih hidup di banyak bekas koloni Eropa seperti Indonesia, Malaysia dan Singapura. Pengertian pluralisme hukum senantiasa mengalami perkembangan dari masa ke masa di mana ada koeksistensi dan interelasi berbagai hukum seperti hukum adat, negara, agama dan sebagainya. Adanya globalisasi menyebabkan hubungan tersebut menjadi semakin kompleks karena terkait pula dengan perkembangan hukum internasional. Pluralisme hukum dalam perspektif global adalah terjadinya saling ketergantungan, adopsi, atau saling pengaruh (interdependensi, interfaces) antara berbagai sistem hukum. Interdependensi yang dimaksud terutama adalah antara hukum internasional dan hukum nasional. Hukum dari wilayah tertentu dapat menembus ke wilayah-wilayah lain yang tanpa batas. Hukum internasional dan transnasional dapat menembus ke wilayah negara-negara manapun. Terjadi interaksi, Interrelasi, saling pengaruh dan saling adopsi. Sistem hukum di dunia menurut Steven Vago, dalam bukunya Sociology of law 1999 yaitu Common Law System, Civil Law System, Communist Law System dan Islam Law System. Dalam perkembangannya sistem hukum dunia dikenal juga “Hybrid Law System” atau sistem hukum cangkokan/campuran dan di Eropa, disebut “Harmonization Law System”, atau “Unification Law System”.

Kata Kunci : System Hukum, Pluralisme, Hukum Internasional.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to explain that legal pluralism was a policy of many colonial powers and a legacy that is still alive in many former European colonies such as Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The notion of legal pluralism has always experienced development from time to time where there is coexistence and interrelation of various laws such as customary law, state, religion and so on. The existence of globalisation causes the relationship to become more complex because it is also related to the development of international law. Legal pluralism in a global perspective is the occurrence of interdependence, adoption, or mutual influence (interdependence, interfaces) between various legal systems. The interdependence in question is primarily between international law and national law. Laws from certain regions can penetrate into other regions without borders. International and transnational law can penetrate into the territory of any country. There is interaction, interrelation, mutual influence and mutual adoption. Legal systems in the world according to Steven Vago, in his book Sociology of law, 1999, namely the Common Law System, Civil Law System, Communist Law System and Islamic Law System. In its development, the world legal system is also known as the "Hybrid Law System" or grafted legal system, and in Europe, it is called the "Harmonisation Law System", or "Unification Law System".

Keywords: Legal System, Pluralism, International Law.